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		<title>Historymaker: Created page with &quot;Les Mis&amp;eacute;rables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 4: Composition of the Troupe&lt;br /&gt; (Tome 3: Marius, Livre septi&amp;egrave;me: Patron-Minette, Chapi...&quot;</title>
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		<updated>2014-03-03T23:16:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;Les Misérables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 4: Composition of the Troupe&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt; (Tome 3: Marius, Livre septième: Patron-Minette, Chapi...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les Mis&amp;amp;eacute;rables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 4: Composition of the Troupe&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
(Tome 3: Marius, Livre septi&amp;amp;egrave;me: Patron-Minette, Chapitre 4: Composition de la troupe)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General notes on this chapter==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==French text==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;Agrave; eux quatre, ces bandits formaient une sorte de Prot&amp;amp;eacute;e, serpentant &amp;amp;agrave;&lt;br /&gt;
travers la police et s'effor&amp;amp;ccedil;ant d'&amp;amp;eacute;chapper aux regards indiscrets de&lt;br /&gt;
Vidocq &amp;amp;laquo;sous diverse figure, arbre, flamme, fontaine&amp;amp;raquo;, s'entre-pr&amp;amp;ecirc;tant&lt;br /&gt;
leurs noms et leurs trucs, se d&amp;amp;eacute;robant dans leur propre ombre, bo&amp;amp;icirc;tes &amp;amp;agrave;&lt;br /&gt;
secrets et asiles les uns pour les autres, d&amp;amp;eacute;faisant leurs personnalit&amp;amp;eacute;s&lt;br /&gt;
comme on &amp;amp;ocirc;te son faux nez au bal masqu&amp;amp;eacute;, parfois se simplifiant au point&lt;br /&gt;
de ne plus &amp;amp;ecirc;tre qu'un, parfois se multipliant au point que Coco-Lacour&lt;br /&gt;
lui-m&amp;amp;ecirc;me les prenait pour une foule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Ces quatre hommes n'&amp;amp;eacute;taient point quatre hommes; c'&amp;amp;eacute;tait une sorte de&lt;br /&gt;
myst&amp;amp;eacute;rieux voleur &amp;amp;agrave; quatre t&amp;amp;ecirc;tes travaillant en grand sur Paris; c'&amp;amp;eacute;tait&lt;br /&gt;
le polype monstrueux du mal habitant la crypte de la soci&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Gr&amp;amp;acirc;ce &amp;amp;agrave; leurs ramifications, et au r&amp;amp;eacute;seau sous-jacent de leurs&lt;br /&gt;
relations, Babet, Gueulemer, Claquesous et Montparnasse avaient&lt;br /&gt;
l'entreprise g&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;eacute;rale des guets-apens du d&amp;amp;eacute;partement de la Seine. Ils&lt;br /&gt;
faisaient sur le passant le coup d'&amp;amp;eacute;tat d'en bas. Les trouveurs d'id&amp;amp;eacute;es&lt;br /&gt;
en ce genre, les hommes &amp;amp;agrave; imagination nocturne, s'adressaient &amp;amp;agrave; eux pour&lt;br /&gt;
l'ex&amp;amp;eacute;cution. On fournissait aux quatre coquins le canevas, ils se&lt;br /&gt;
chargeaient de la mise en sc&amp;amp;egrave;ne. Ils travaillaient sur sc&amp;amp;eacute;nario. Ils&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;eacute;taient toujours en situation de pr&amp;amp;ecirc;ter un personnel proportionn&amp;amp;eacute; et&lt;br /&gt;
convenable &amp;amp;agrave; tous les attentats ayant besoin d'un coup d'&amp;amp;eacute;paule et&lt;br /&gt;
suffisamment lucratifs. Un crime &amp;amp;eacute;tant en qu&amp;amp;ecirc;te de bras, ils lui&lt;br /&gt;
sous-louaient des complices. Ils avaient une troupe d'acteurs de&lt;br /&gt;
t&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;egrave;bres &amp;amp;agrave; la disposition de toutes les trag&amp;amp;eacute;dies de cavernes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Ils se r&amp;amp;eacute;unissaient habituellement &amp;amp;agrave; la nuit tombante, heure de leur&lt;br /&gt;
r&amp;amp;eacute;veil, dans les steppes qui avoisinent la Salp&amp;amp;ecirc;tri&amp;amp;egrave;re. L&amp;amp;agrave;, ils&lt;br /&gt;
conf&amp;amp;eacute;raient. Ils avaient les douze heures noires devant eux; ils en&lt;br /&gt;
r&amp;amp;eacute;glaient l'emploi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
''Patron-Minette'', tel &amp;amp;eacute;tait le nom qu'on donnait dans la circulation&lt;br /&gt;
souterraine &amp;amp;agrave; l'association de ces quatre hommes. Dans la vieille langue&lt;br /&gt;
populaire fantasque qui va s'effa&amp;amp;ccedil;ant tous les jours, ''Patron-Minette''&lt;br /&gt;
signifie le matin, de m&amp;amp;ecirc;me que ''Entre chien et loup'' signifie le soir.&lt;br /&gt;
Cette appellation, ''Patron-Minette'', venait probablement de l'heure &amp;amp;agrave;&lt;br /&gt;
laquelle leur besogne finissait, l'aube &amp;amp;eacute;tant l'instant de&lt;br /&gt;
l'&amp;amp;eacute;vanouissement des fant&amp;amp;ocirc;mes et de la s&amp;amp;eacute;paration des bandits. Ces&lt;br /&gt;
quatre hommes &amp;amp;eacute;taient connus sous cette rubrique. Quand le pr&amp;amp;eacute;sident des&lt;br /&gt;
assises visita Lacenaire dans sa prison, il le questionna sur un m&amp;amp;eacute;fait&lt;br /&gt;
que Lacenaire niait.&amp;amp;mdash;Qui a fait cela? demanda le pr&amp;amp;eacute;sident. Lacenaire&lt;br /&gt;
fit cette r&amp;amp;eacute;ponse, &amp;amp;eacute;nigmatique pour le magistrat, mais claire pour la&lt;br /&gt;
police:&amp;amp;mdash;C'est peut-&amp;amp;ecirc;tre Patron-Minette.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
On devine parfois une pi&amp;amp;egrave;ce sur l'&amp;amp;eacute;nonc&amp;amp;eacute; des personnages; on peut de&lt;br /&gt;
m&amp;amp;ecirc;me presque appr&amp;amp;eacute;cier une bande sur la liste des bandits. Voici, car&lt;br /&gt;
ces noms-l&amp;amp;agrave; surnagent dans les m&amp;amp;eacute;moires sp&amp;amp;eacute;ciales, &amp;amp;agrave; quelles&lt;br /&gt;
appellations r&amp;amp;eacute;pondaient les principaux affili&amp;amp;eacute;s de Patron-Minette:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Panchaud, dit Printanier, dit Bigrenaille.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Brujon. (Il y avait une dynastie de Brujon; nous ne renon&amp;amp;ccedil;ons pas&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;agrave; en dire un mot.)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Boulatruelle, le cantonnier d&amp;amp;eacute;j&amp;amp;agrave; entrevu.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Laveuve.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Finist&amp;amp;egrave;re.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Hom&amp;amp;egrave;re Hogu, n&amp;amp;egrave;gre.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Mardisoir.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
D&amp;amp;eacute;p&amp;amp;ecirc;che.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Fauntleroy, dit Bouqueti&amp;amp;egrave;re.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Glorieux, for&amp;amp;ccedil;at lib&amp;amp;eacute;r&amp;amp;eacute;.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Barrecarrosse, dit monsieur Dupont.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Lesplanade-du-Sud.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Poussagrive.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Carmagnolet.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Kruideniers, dit Bizarro.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Mangedentelle.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Les-pieds-en-l'air.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Demi-liards, dit Deux-milliards.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Etc., etc.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Nous en passons, et non des pires. Ces noms ont des figures. Ils&lt;br /&gt;
n'expriment pas seulement des &amp;amp;ecirc;tres, mais des esp&amp;amp;egrave;ces. Chacun de ces&lt;br /&gt;
noms r&amp;amp;eacute;pond &amp;amp;agrave; une vari&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute; de ces difformes champignons du dessous de la&lt;br /&gt;
civilisation. Ces &amp;amp;ecirc;tres, peu prodigues de leurs visages, n'&amp;amp;eacute;taient pas&lt;br /&gt;
de ceux qu'on voit passer dans les rues. Le jour, fatigu&amp;amp;eacute;s des nuits&lt;br /&gt;
farouches qu'ils avaient, ils s'en allaient dormir, tant&amp;amp;ocirc;t dans les&lt;br /&gt;
fours &amp;amp;agrave; pl&amp;amp;acirc;tre, tant&amp;amp;ocirc;t dans les carri&amp;amp;egrave;res abandonn&amp;amp;eacute;es de Montmartre ou&lt;br /&gt;
de Montrouge, parfois dans les &amp;amp;eacute;gouts. Ils se terraient.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Que sont devenus ces hommes? Ils existent toujours. Ils ont toujours&lt;br /&gt;
exist&amp;amp;eacute;. Horace en parle: ''Ambubaiarum collegia, phannacopolae, mendici,&lt;br /&gt;
mimae;'' et, tant que la soci&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute; sera ce qu'elle est, ils seront ce&lt;br /&gt;
qu'ils sont. Sous l'obscur plafond de leur cave, ils renaissent &amp;amp;agrave; jamais&lt;br /&gt;
du suintement social. Ils reviennent, spectres, toujours identiques;&lt;br /&gt;
seulement ils ne portent plus les m&amp;amp;ecirc;mes noms et ils ne sont plus dans&lt;br /&gt;
les m&amp;amp;ecirc;mes peaux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Les individus extirp&amp;amp;eacute;s, la tribu subsiste.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Ils ont toujours les m&amp;amp;ecirc;mes facult&amp;amp;eacute;s. Du truand au r&amp;amp;ocirc;deur, la race se&lt;br /&gt;
maintient pure. Ils devinent les bourses dans les poches, ils flairent&lt;br /&gt;
les montres dans les goussets. L'or et l'argent ont pour eux une odeur.&lt;br /&gt;
Il y a des bourgeois na&amp;amp;iuml;fs dont on pourrait dire qu'ils ont l'air&lt;br /&gt;
volables. Ces hommes suivent patiemment ces bourgeois. Au passage d'un&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;eacute;tranger ou d'un provincial, ils ont des tressaillements d'araign&amp;amp;eacute;e.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Ces hommes-l&amp;amp;agrave;, quand, vers minuit, sur un boulevard d&amp;amp;eacute;sert, on les&lt;br /&gt;
rencontre ou on les entrevoit, sont effrayants. Ils ne semblent pas des&lt;br /&gt;
hommes, mais des formes faites de brume vivante; on dirait qu'ils font&lt;br /&gt;
habituellement bloc avec les t&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;egrave;bres, qu'ils n'en sont pas distincts,&lt;br /&gt;
qu'ils n'ont pas d'autre &amp;amp;acirc;me que l'ombre, et que c'est momentan&amp;amp;eacute;ment, et&lt;br /&gt;
pour vivre pendant quelques minutes d'une vie monstrueuse, qu'ils se&lt;br /&gt;
sont d&amp;amp;eacute;sagr&amp;amp;eacute;g&amp;amp;eacute;s de la nuit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Que faut-il pour faire &amp;amp;eacute;vanouir ces larves? De la lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re. De la lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;agrave; flots. Pas une chauve-souris ne r&amp;amp;eacute;siste &amp;amp;agrave; l'aube. &amp;amp;Eacute;clairez la soci&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute;&lt;br /&gt;
en dessous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
==English text==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
These four ruffians formed a sort of Proteus, winding like a serpent among&lt;br /&gt;
the police, and striving to escape Vidocq's indiscreet glances &amp;quot;under&lt;br /&gt;
divers forms, tree, flame, fountain,&amp;quot; lending each other their names and&lt;br /&gt;
their traps, hiding in their own shadows, boxes with secret compartments&lt;br /&gt;
and refuges for each other, stripping off their personalities, as one&lt;br /&gt;
removes his false nose at a masked ball, sometimes simplifying matters to&lt;br /&gt;
the point of consisting of but one individual, sometimes multiplying&lt;br /&gt;
themselves to such a point that Coco-Latour himself took them for a whole&lt;br /&gt;
throng.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
These four men were not four men; they were a sort of mysterious robber&lt;br /&gt;
with four heads, operating on a grand scale on Paris; they were that&lt;br /&gt;
monstrous polyp of evil, which inhabits the crypt of society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Thanks to their ramifications, and to the network underlying their&lt;br /&gt;
relations, Babet, Gueulemer, Claquesous, and Montparnasse were charged&lt;br /&gt;
with the general enterprise of the ambushes of the department of the&lt;br /&gt;
Seine. The inventors of ideas of that nature, men with nocturnal&lt;br /&gt;
imaginations, applied to them to have their ideas executed. They furnished&lt;br /&gt;
the canvas to the four rascals, and the latter undertook the preparation&lt;br /&gt;
of the scenery. They labored at the stage setting. They were always in a&lt;br /&gt;
condition to lend a force proportioned and suitable to all crimes which&lt;br /&gt;
demanded a lift of the shoulder, and which were sufficiently lucrative.&lt;br /&gt;
When a crime was in quest of arms, they under-let their accomplices. They&lt;br /&gt;
kept a troupe of actors of the shadows at the disposition of all&lt;br /&gt;
underground tragedies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
They were in the habit of assembling at nightfall, the hour when they woke&lt;br /&gt;
up, on the plains which adjoin the Salpetriere. There they held their&lt;br /&gt;
conferences. They had twelve black hours before them; they regulated their&lt;br /&gt;
employment accordingly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Patron-Minette,&amp;amp;mdash;such was the name which was bestowed in the&lt;br /&gt;
subterranean circulation on the association of these four men. In the&lt;br /&gt;
fantastic, ancient, popular parlance, which is vanishing day by day,&lt;br /&gt;
Patron-Minette signifies the morning, the same as entre chien et loup&amp;amp;mdash;between&lt;br /&gt;
dog and wolf&amp;amp;mdash;signifies the evening. This appellation,&lt;br /&gt;
Patron-Minette, was probably derived from the hour at which their work&lt;br /&gt;
ended, the dawn being the vanishing moment for phantoms and for the&lt;br /&gt;
separation of ruffians. These four men were known under this title. When&lt;br /&gt;
the Président of the Assizes visited Lacenaire in his prison, and&lt;br /&gt;
questioned him concerning a misdeed which Lacenaire denied, &amp;quot;Who did it?&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
demanded the Président. Lacenaire made this response, enigmatical so far&lt;br /&gt;
as the magistrate was concerned, but clear to the police: &amp;quot;Perhaps it was&lt;br /&gt;
Patron-Minette.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
A piece can sometimes be divined on the enunciation of the personages; in&lt;br /&gt;
the same manner a band can almost be judged from the list of ruffians&lt;br /&gt;
composing it. Here are the appellations to which the principal members of&lt;br /&gt;
Patron-Minette answered,&amp;amp;mdash;for the names have survived in special&lt;br /&gt;
memoirs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Panchaud, alias Printanier, alias Bigrenaille.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Brujon. [There was a Brujon dynasty; we cannot refrain from interpolating&lt;br /&gt;
this word.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Boulatruelle, the road-mender already introduced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Laveuve.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Finistere.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Homere-Hogu, a negro.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Mardisoir. (Tuesday evening.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Depeche. (Make haste.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Fauntleroy, alias Bouquetiere (the Flower Girl).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Glorieux, a discharged convict.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Barrecarrosse (Stop-carriage), called Monsieur Dupont.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
L'Esplanade-du-Sud.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Poussagrive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Carmagnolet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Kruideniers, called Bizarro.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Mangedentelle. (Lace-eater.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Les-pieds-en-l'Air. (Feet in the air.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Demi-Liard, called Deux-Milliards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Etc., etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
We pass over some, and not the worst of them. These names have faces&lt;br /&gt;
attached. They do not express merely beings, but species. Each one of&lt;br /&gt;
these names corresponds to a variety of those misshapen fungi from the&lt;br /&gt;
under side of civilization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Those beings, who were not very lavish with their countenances, were not&lt;br /&gt;
among the men whom one sees passing along the streets. Fatigued by the&lt;br /&gt;
wild nights which they passed, they went off by day to sleep, sometimes in&lt;br /&gt;
the lime-kilns, sometimes in the abandoned quarries of Montmatre or&lt;br /&gt;
Montrouge, sometimes in the sewers. They ran to earth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
What became of these men? They still exist. They have always existed.&lt;br /&gt;
Horace speaks of them: Ambubaiarum collegia, pharmacopolae, mendici,&lt;br /&gt;
mimae; and so long as society remains what it is, they will remain what&lt;br /&gt;
they are. Beneath the obscure roof of their cavern, they are continually&lt;br /&gt;
born again from the social ooze. They return, spectres, but always&lt;br /&gt;
identical; only, they no longer bear the same names and they are no longer&lt;br /&gt;
in the same skins. The individuals extirpated, the tribe subsists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
They always have the same faculties. From the vagrant to the tramp, the&lt;br /&gt;
race is maintained in its purity. They divine purses in pockets, they&lt;br /&gt;
scent out watches in fobs. Gold and silver possess an odor for them. There&lt;br /&gt;
exist ingenuous bourgeois, of whom it might be said, that they have a&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;stealable&amp;quot; air. These men patiently pursue these bourgeois. They&lt;br /&gt;
experience the quivers of a spider at the passage of a stranger or of a&lt;br /&gt;
man from the country.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
These men are terrible, when one encounters them, or catches a glimpse of&lt;br /&gt;
them, towards midnight, on a deserted boulevard. They do not seem to be&lt;br /&gt;
men but forms composed of living mists; one would say that they habitually&lt;br /&gt;
constitute one mass with the shadows, that they are in no wise distinct&lt;br /&gt;
from them, that they possess no other soul than the darkness, and that it&lt;br /&gt;
is only momentarily and for the purpose of living for a few minutes a&lt;br /&gt;
monstrous life, that they have separated from the night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
What is necessary to cause these spectres to vanish? Light. Light in&lt;br /&gt;
floods. Not a single bat can resist the dawn. Light up society from below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Translation notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Citations==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Historymaker</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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