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		<title>Historymaker: Created page with &quot;Les Mis&amp;eacute;rables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 1: Mines and Miners&lt;br /&gt; (Tome 3: Marius, Livre septi&amp;egrave;me: Patron-Minette, Chapitre 1: Le...&quot;</title>
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		<updated>2014-03-03T23:11:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;Les Misérables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 1: Mines and Miners&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt; (Tome 3: Marius, Livre septième: Patron-Minette, Chapitre 1: Le...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les Mis&amp;amp;eacute;rables, Volume 3: Marius, Book Seventh: Patron Minette, Chapter 1: Mines and Miners&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
(Tome 3: Marius, Livre septi&amp;amp;egrave;me: Patron-Minette, Chapitre 1: Les mines et les mineurs)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General notes on this chapter==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==French text==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Les soci&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute;s humaines ont toutes ce qu'on appelle dans les th&amp;amp;eacute;&amp;amp;acirc;tres ''un&lt;br /&gt;
troisi&amp;amp;egrave;me dessous''. Le sol social est partout min&amp;amp;eacute;, tant&amp;amp;ocirc;t pour le bien,&lt;br /&gt;
tant&amp;amp;ocirc;t pour le mal. Ces travaux se superposent. Il y a les mines&lt;br /&gt;
sup&amp;amp;eacute;rieures et les mines inf&amp;amp;eacute;rieures. Il y a un haut et un bas dans cet&lt;br /&gt;
obscur sous-sol qui s'effondre parfois sous la civilisation, et que&lt;br /&gt;
notre indiff&amp;amp;eacute;rence et notre insouciance foulent aux pieds.&lt;br /&gt;
L'Encyclop&amp;amp;eacute;die, au si&amp;amp;egrave;cle dernier, &amp;amp;eacute;tait une mine, presque &amp;amp;agrave; ciel&lt;br /&gt;
ouvert. Les t&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;egrave;bres, ces sombres couveuses du christianisme primitif,&lt;br /&gt;
n'attendaient qu'une occasion pour faire explosion sous les C&amp;amp;eacute;sars et&lt;br /&gt;
pour inonder le genre humain de lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re. Car dans les t&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;egrave;bres sacr&amp;amp;eacute;es&lt;br /&gt;
il y a de la lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re latente. Les volcans sont pleins d'une ombre&lt;br /&gt;
capable de flamboiement. Toute lave commence par &amp;amp;ecirc;tre nuit. Les&lt;br /&gt;
catacombes, o&amp;amp;ugrave; s'est dite la premi&amp;amp;egrave;re messe, n'&amp;amp;eacute;taient pas seulement la&lt;br /&gt;
cave de Rome, elles &amp;amp;eacute;taient le souterrain du monde.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Il y a sous la construction sociale, cette merveille compliqu&amp;amp;eacute;e d'une&lt;br /&gt;
masure, des excavations de toutes sortes. Il y a la mine religieuse, la&lt;br /&gt;
mine philosophique, la mine politique, la mine &amp;amp;eacute;conomique, la mine&lt;br /&gt;
r&amp;amp;eacute;volutionnaire. Tel pioche avec l'id&amp;amp;eacute;e, tel pioche avec le chiffre, tel&lt;br /&gt;
pioche avec la col&amp;amp;egrave;re. On s'appelle et on se r&amp;amp;eacute;pond d'une catacombe &amp;amp;agrave;&lt;br /&gt;
l'autre. Les utopies cheminent sous terre dans ces conduits. Elles s'y&lt;br /&gt;
ramifient en tous sens. Elles s'y rencontrent parfois, et y&lt;br /&gt;
fraternisent. Jean-Jacques pr&amp;amp;ecirc;te son pic &amp;amp;agrave; Diog&amp;amp;egrave;ne qui lui pr&amp;amp;ecirc;te sa&lt;br /&gt;
lanterne. Quelquefois elles s'y combattent. Calvin prend Socin aux&lt;br /&gt;
cheveux. Mais rien n'arr&amp;amp;ecirc;te ni n'interrompt la tension de toutes ces&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;eacute;nergies vers le but, et la vaste activit&amp;amp;eacute; simultan&amp;amp;eacute;e, qui va et vient,&lt;br /&gt;
monte, descend et remonte dans ces obscurit&amp;amp;eacute;s, et qui transforme&lt;br /&gt;
lentement le dessus par le dessous et le dehors par le dedans; immense&lt;br /&gt;
fourmillement inconnu. La soci&amp;amp;eacute;t&amp;amp;eacute; se doute &amp;amp;agrave; peine de ce creusement qui&lt;br /&gt;
lui laisse sa surface et lui change les entrailles. Autant d'&amp;amp;eacute;tages&lt;br /&gt;
souterrains, autant de travaux diff&amp;amp;eacute;rents, autant d'extractions&lt;br /&gt;
diverses. Que sort-il de toutes ces fouilles profondes? L'avenir.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Plus on s'enfonce, plus les travailleurs sont myst&amp;amp;eacute;rieux. Jusqu'&amp;amp;agrave; un&lt;br /&gt;
degr&amp;amp;eacute; que le philosophe social sait reconna&amp;amp;icirc;tre, le travail est bon; au&lt;br /&gt;
del&amp;amp;agrave; de ce degr&amp;amp;eacute;, il est douteux et mixte; plus bas, il devient&lt;br /&gt;
terrible. &amp;amp;Agrave; une certaine profondeur, les excavations ne sont plus&lt;br /&gt;
p&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;eacute;trables &amp;amp;agrave; l'esprit de civilisation, la limite respirable &amp;amp;agrave; l'homme&lt;br /&gt;
est d&amp;amp;eacute;pass&amp;amp;eacute;e; un commencement de monstres est possible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
L'&amp;amp;eacute;chelle descendante est &amp;amp;eacute;trange; et chacun de ces &amp;amp;eacute;chelons correspond&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;agrave; un &amp;amp;eacute;tage o&amp;amp;ugrave; la philosophie peut prendre pied, et o&amp;amp;ugrave; l'on rencontre un&lt;br /&gt;
de ces ouvriers, quelquefois divins, quelquefois difformes. Au-dessous&lt;br /&gt;
de Jean Huss, il y a Luther; au-dessous de Luther, il y a Descartes;&lt;br /&gt;
au-dessous de Descartes, il y a Voltaire; au-dessous de Voltaire, il y a&lt;br /&gt;
Condorcet; au-dessous de Condorcet, il y a Robespierre; au-dessous de&lt;br /&gt;
Robespierre, il y a Marat; au-dessous de Marat, il y a Babeuf. Et cela&lt;br /&gt;
continue. Plus bas, confus&amp;amp;eacute;ment, &amp;amp;agrave; la limite qui s&amp;amp;eacute;pare l'indistinct de&lt;br /&gt;
l'invisible, on aper&amp;amp;ccedil;oit d'autres hommes sombres, qui peut-&amp;amp;ecirc;tre&lt;br /&gt;
n'existent pas encore. Ceux d'hier sont des spectres; ceux de demain&lt;br /&gt;
sont des larves. L'&amp;amp;oelig;il de l'esprit les distingue obscur&amp;amp;eacute;ment. Le&lt;br /&gt;
travail embryonnaire de l'avenir est une des visions du philosophe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Un monde dans les limbes &amp;amp;agrave; l'&amp;amp;eacute;tat de foetus, quelle silhouette inou&amp;amp;iuml;e!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Saint-Simon, Owen, Fourier, sont l&amp;amp;agrave; aussi, dans des sapes lat&amp;amp;eacute;rales.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Certes, quoiqu'une divine cha&amp;amp;icirc;ne invisible lie entre eux &amp;amp;agrave; leur insu&lt;br /&gt;
tous ces pionniers souterrains, qui, presque toujours, se croient&lt;br /&gt;
isol&amp;amp;eacute;s, et qui ne le sont pas, leurs travaux sont bien divers, et la&lt;br /&gt;
lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re des uns contraste avec le flamboiement des autres. Les uns sont&lt;br /&gt;
paradisiaques, les autres sont tragiques. Pourtant, quel que soit le&lt;br /&gt;
contraste, tous ces travailleurs, depuis le plus haut jusqu'au plus&lt;br /&gt;
nocturne, depuis le plus sage jusqu'au plus fou, ont une similitude, et&lt;br /&gt;
la voici: le d&amp;amp;eacute;sint&amp;amp;eacute;ressement. Marat s'oublie comme J&amp;amp;eacute;sus. Ils se&lt;br /&gt;
laissent de c&amp;amp;ocirc;t&amp;amp;eacute;, ils s'omettent, ils ne songent point &amp;amp;agrave; eux. Ils voient&lt;br /&gt;
autre chose qu'eux-m&amp;amp;ecirc;mes. Ils ont un regard, et ce regard cherche&lt;br /&gt;
l'absolu. Le premier a tout le ciel dans les yeux; le dernier, si&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;eacute;nigmatique qu'il soit, a encore sous le sourcil la p&amp;amp;acirc;le clart&amp;amp;eacute; de&lt;br /&gt;
l'infini. V&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;eacute;rez, quoi qu'il fasse, quiconque a ce signe: la prunelle&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;eacute;toile.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
La prunelle ombre est l'autre signe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;Agrave; elle commence le mal. Devant qui n'a pas de regard songez et tremblez.&lt;br /&gt;
L'ordre social a ses mineurs noirs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Il y a un point o&amp;amp;ugrave; l'approfondissement est de l'ensevelissement, et o&amp;amp;ugrave;&lt;br /&gt;
la lumi&amp;amp;egrave;re s'&amp;amp;eacute;teint.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Au-dessous de toutes ces mines que nous venons d'indiquer, au-dessous de&lt;br /&gt;
toutes ces galeries, au-dessous de tout cet immense syst&amp;amp;egrave;me veineux&lt;br /&gt;
souterrain du progr&amp;amp;egrave;s et de l'utopie, bien plus avant dans la terre,&lt;br /&gt;
plus bas que Marat, plus bas que Babeuf, plus bas, beaucoup plus bas, et&lt;br /&gt;
sans relation aucune avec les &amp;amp;eacute;tages sup&amp;amp;eacute;rieurs, il y a la derni&amp;amp;egrave;re&lt;br /&gt;
sape. Lieu formidable. C'est ce que nous avons nomm&amp;amp;eacute; le troisi&amp;amp;egrave;me&lt;br /&gt;
dessous. C'est la fosse des t&amp;amp;eacute;n&amp;amp;egrave;bres. C'est la cave des aveugles.&lt;br /&gt;
''Inferi''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Ceci communique aux ab&amp;amp;icirc;mes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
==English text==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Human societies all have what is called in theatrical parlance, a third&lt;br /&gt;
lower floor. The social soil is everywhere undermined, sometimes for good,&lt;br /&gt;
sometimes for evil. These works are superposed one upon the other. There&lt;br /&gt;
are superior mines and inferior mines. There is a top and a bottom in this&lt;br /&gt;
obscure sub-soil, which sometimes gives way beneath civilization, and&lt;br /&gt;
which our indifference and heedlessness trample under foot. The&lt;br /&gt;
Encyclopedia, in the last century, was a mine that was almost open to the&lt;br /&gt;
sky. The shades, those sombre hatchers of primitive Christianity, only&lt;br /&gt;
awaited an opportunity to bring about an explosion under the Caesars and&lt;br /&gt;
to inundate the human race with light. For in the sacred shadows there&lt;br /&gt;
lies latent light. Volcanoes are full of a shadow that is capable of&lt;br /&gt;
flashing forth. Every form begins by being night. The catacombs, in which&lt;br /&gt;
the first mass was said, were not alone the cellar of Rome, they were the&lt;br /&gt;
vaults of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Beneath the social construction, that complicated marvel of a structure,&lt;br /&gt;
there are excavations of all sorts. There is the religious mine, the&lt;br /&gt;
philosophical mine, the economic mine, the revolutionary mine. Such and&lt;br /&gt;
such a pick-axe with the idea, such a pick with ciphers. Such another with&lt;br /&gt;
wrath. People hail and answer each other from one catacomb to another.&lt;br /&gt;
Utopias travel about underground, in the pipes. There they branch out in&lt;br /&gt;
every direction. They sometimes meet, and fraternize there. Jean-Jacques&lt;br /&gt;
lends his pick to Diogenes, who lends him his lantern. Sometimes they&lt;br /&gt;
enter into combat there. Calvin seizes Socinius by the hair. But nothing&lt;br /&gt;
arrests nor interrupts the tension of all these energies toward the goal,&lt;br /&gt;
and the vast, simultaneous activity, which goes and comes, mounts,&lt;br /&gt;
descends, and mounts again in these obscurities, and which immense unknown&lt;br /&gt;
swarming slowly transforms the top and the bottom and the inside and the&lt;br /&gt;
outside. Society hardly even suspects this digging which leaves its&lt;br /&gt;
surface intact and changes its bowels. There are as many different&lt;br /&gt;
subterranean stages as there are varying works, as there are extractions.&lt;br /&gt;
What emerges from these deep excavations? The future.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The deeper one goes, the more mysterious are the toilers. The work is&lt;br /&gt;
good, up to a degree which the social philosophies are able to recognize;&lt;br /&gt;
beyond that degree it is doubtful and mixed; lower down, it becomes&lt;br /&gt;
terrible. At a certain depth, the excavations are no longer penetrable by&lt;br /&gt;
the spirit of civilization, the limit breathable by man has been passed; a&lt;br /&gt;
beginning of monsters is possible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The descending scale is a strange one; and each one of the rungs of this&lt;br /&gt;
ladder corresponds to a stage where philosophy can find foothold, and&lt;br /&gt;
where one encounters one of these workmen, sometimes divine, sometimes&lt;br /&gt;
misshapen. Below John Huss, there is Luther; below Luther, there is&lt;br /&gt;
Descartes; below Descartes, there is Voltaire; below Voltaire, there is&lt;br /&gt;
Condorcet; below Condorcet, there is Robespierre; below Robespierre, there&lt;br /&gt;
is Marat; below Marat there is Babeuf. And so it goes on. Lower down,&lt;br /&gt;
confusedly, at the limit which separates the indistinct from the&lt;br /&gt;
invisible, one perceives other gloomy men, who perhaps do not exist as&lt;br /&gt;
yet. The men of yesterday are spectres; those of to-morrow are forms. The&lt;br /&gt;
eye of the spirit distinguishes them but obscurely. The embryonic work of&lt;br /&gt;
the future is one of the visions of philosophy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
A world in limbo, in the state of foetus, what an unheard-of spectre!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Saint-Simon, Owen, Fourier, are there also, in lateral galleries.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Surely, although a divine and invisible chain unknown to themselves, binds&lt;br /&gt;
together all these subterranean pioneers who, almost always, think&lt;br /&gt;
themselves isolated, and who are not so, their works vary greatly, and the&lt;br /&gt;
light of some contrasts with the blaze of others. The first are&lt;br /&gt;
paradisiacal, the last are tragic. Nevertheless, whatever may be the&lt;br /&gt;
contrast, all these toilers, from the highest to the most nocturnal, from&lt;br /&gt;
the wisest to the most foolish, possess one likeness, and this is it:&lt;br /&gt;
disinterestedness. Marat forgets himself like Jesus. They throw themselves&lt;br /&gt;
on one side, they omit themselves, they think not of themselves. They have&lt;br /&gt;
a glance, and that glance seeks the absolute. The first has the whole&lt;br /&gt;
heavens in his eyes; the last, enigmatical though he may be, has still,&lt;br /&gt;
beneath his eyelids, the pale beam of the infinite. Venerate the man,&lt;br /&gt;
whoever he may be, who has this sign&amp;amp;mdash;the starry eye.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The shadowy eye is the other sign.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
With it, evil commences. Reflect and tremble in the presence of any one&lt;br /&gt;
who has no glance at all. The social order has its black miners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
There is a point where depth is tantamount to burial, and where light&lt;br /&gt;
becomes extinct.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Below all these mines which we have just mentioned, below all these&lt;br /&gt;
galleries, below this whole immense, subterranean, venous system of&lt;br /&gt;
progress and utopia, much further on in the earth, much lower than Marat,&lt;br /&gt;
lower than Babeuf, lower, much lower, and without any connection with the&lt;br /&gt;
upper levels, there lies the last mine. A formidable spot. This is what we&lt;br /&gt;
have designated as the le troisième dessous. It is the grave of shadows.&lt;br /&gt;
It is the cellar of the blind. Inferi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
This communicates with the abyss.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Translation notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Citations==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Historymaker</name></author>
		
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